AvignonTo many Avignon is primarily known for its huge Palais des Papes, which dominates the city scape, and the Pont St-Bénézet, immortalized in the folk song Sur le pont d'Avignon... The bridge built from 1171-1185 had 22 arches until most were destroyed by floods in 1668. One of the remaining arches bears the tiny Chapelle St.-Nicolas.
The Palais des Papes is more like a warlord's stronghold than a papal palace. The building's heavy fortification reflects the violent nature of 14th century religious life. Confronted with factional strife in Rome and encouraged by the scheming of Philippe IV of France, Pope Clement V moved the papal court to Avignon in 1309. It remained here till 1377, during which time his successors transformed the modest episcopal building into the present palace. Seven "official" popes reigned until 1377. They were followed by three "anti-popes", the last one, Benedict XIII, fled in 1403. Since the furnishings and works of art were destroyed or looted following the French Revolution of 1789, the palace is empty of the luxurious trappings of 14th century court life.
From mid-July to mid-August The Festival d'Avignon takes place at the Palais des Papes. France's largest festival was founded in 1947 by Gerard Philipe and Jean Vilar and includes ballet, drama and classical concerts. The "Off" festival has street theater and music from folk to jazz.
